An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe: Economic Regimes from Laissez-Faire to Globalization
Author: Ivan T Berend
A major new history of economic regimes and economic performance throughout the twentieth century. Ivan T. Berend looks at the historic development of the twentieth-century European economy, examining both its failures and its successes in responding to the challenges of this crisis-ridden and troubled but highly successful age. The book surveys the European economy's chronological development, the main factors of economic growth, and the various economic regimes that were invented and introduced in Europe during the twentieth century. Professor Berend shows how the vast disparity between the European regions that had characterized earlier periods gradually began to disappear during the course of the twentieth century as more and more countries reached a more or less similar level of economic development. This accessible book will be required reading for students in European economic history, economics, and modern European history.
New interesting book: The Cultural Politics of Food and Eating or Effective Leadership in Adventure Programming
Freedom Colonies: Independent Black Texans in the Time of Jim Crow
Author: Thad Sitton
This study is a thoughtful and important addition to an understanding of rural Texas and the nature of black settlements.
—Journal of Southern History
"Thad Sitton and James H. Conrad have made an important contribution to African American and southern history with their study of communities fashioned by freedmen in the years after emancipation."
—Journal of American History
"This book is the first of its kind....Blacks emerge as thinkers and actors on the stage; that is, they were not merely passive victims; rather, they made their own history by building their own communities and by becoming free farmers."
—James Smallwood, Professor Emeritus of History, Oklahoma State University
In the decades following the Civil War, nearly a quarter of African Americans achieved a remarkable victory—they got their own land. While other ex-slaves and many poor whites became trapped in the exploitative sharecropping system, these independence-seeking individuals settled on pockets of unclaimed land that had been deemed too poor for farming and turned them into successful family farms. In these self-sufficient rural communities, often known as "freedom colonies," African Americans created a refuge from the discrimination and violence that routinely limited the opportunities of blacks in the Jim Crow South.
Freedom Colonies is the first book to tell the story of these independent African American settlements. Thad Sitton and James Conrad focus on communities in Texas, whereblacks achieved a higher percentage of land ownership than in any other state of the Deep South. The authors draw on a vast reservoir of ex-slave narratives, oral histories, written memoirs, and public records to describe how the freedom colonies formed and to recreate the lifeways of African Americans who made their living by farming or in skilled trades such as milling and blacksmithing. They also uncover the forces that led to the decline of the communities from the 1930s onward, including economic hard times and the greed of whites who found legal and illegal means of taking black-owned land. And they visit some of the remaining communities to discover how their independent way of life endures into the twenty-first century.
Table of Contents:
| 1 | Introduction | 1 |
| 2 | A terrible freedom | 9 |
| 3 | Making do, getting by | 43 |
| 4 | Saturday nights and Sunday mornings | 80 |
| 5 | School days | 108 |
| 6 | Working for the man | 140 |
| 7 | Decline and remembrance | 172 |
| App | Freedmen's settlements and other rural African American landowner communities, by county | 191 |
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